Latent Semantic Planning for Video Diffusion

Chenchen Liu^*, Junyi Chen^*, Lei Li^*, Lu Chi^*,§, Mingzhen Sun^*, Zhuoying Li^*, Yi Fu, Ruoyu Guo, Yiheng Wu, Ge Bai, Zehuan Yuan^✉

^* Equal contribution ^✉ Corresponding author ^§ Project lead

🎉 News

[2026-06-01] We open-sourced the inference code and model weights of the Bernini Renderer (Bernini-R).
[2026-05-22] We released our paper Bernini: Latent Semantic Planning for Video Diffusion.

✨ Highlights

Bernini is a unified framework for video generation and editing that combines an MLLM-based semantic planner with a DiT-based renderer.

On video editing, Bernini reaches the first tier among leading closed-source commercial models. The leaderboard below comes from our self-built arena platform, where human annotators blindly vote on paired edits and the votes are aggregated into a Bradley-Terry score and a pairwise win-rate matrix.

Video editing arena: Bradley-Terry leaderboard and pairwise win-rate matrix

📦 Installation

Requirements

Python 3.11.2.
CUDA GPU — a Hopper GPU (H100/H800/H200) is recommended so FlashAttention-3 can be used; other CUDA GPUs fall back to FlashAttention-2 or PyTorch SDPA.
CUDA toolkit 12.4 (matches the pinned torch==2.5.1+cu124; 12.3+ is the minimum if you build FlashAttention-3).
Pinned in requirements.txt: torch==2.5.1+cu124, diffusers==0.35.2, accelerate==0.34.2, transformers==4.57.3.

Reference environment (Bernini-R is developed and tested on this setup):

Component	Version
GPU	NVIDIA H100
CUDA	12.4
Python	3.11.2
PyTorch	2.5.1+cu124

Install

git clone https://github.com/bytedance/Bernini.git bernini && cd bernini
pip install -r requirements.txt

Optional extras:

Multi-GPU sequence parallel needs Open-VeOmni (Apache-2.0, Python 3.11). Use --no-deps so VeOmni does not pull in a different torch build and override the pinned torch==2.5.1+cu124: pip install --no-deps git+https://github.com/ByteDance-Seed/VeOmni.git@v0.1.10. Single-GPU inference does not need it.
Faster attention (auto-detected if installed; otherwise PyTorch SDPA is used):
- FlashAttention-2 — general CUDA GPUs (incl. A100/A800): pip install flash-attn==2.8.3.
- FlashAttention-3 — Hopper only (H100/H800/H200, CUDA ≥ 12.3, PyTorch ≥ 2.4). flash_attn_interface is not on PyPI; build it from the flash-attention repo's hopper/ directory at tag v2.8.3:
```
git clone https://github.com/Dao-AILab/flash-attention.git
cd flash-attention && git checkout v2.8.3
cd hopper && MAX_JOBS=$(nproc) python3 setup.py install --user
```

Weights

Bernini-R uses two sets of weights:

Wan2.2 base — Wan-AI/Wan2.2-T2V-A14B-Diffusers on Hugging Face. Supplies the VAE, UMT5 text encoder, tokenizer, and the transformer architecture/base weights. It is downloaded automatically on first run (configured by wan22_base in configs/bernini_renderer_wan22/config.json).
Bernini-R checkpoint — the trained high-noise / low-noise transformer weights (safetensors) from Hugging Face, passed with --high_noise_ckpt / --low_noise_ckpt. Both a local directory and a Hugging Face repo id are accepted.

Download models using huggingface-cli:

pip install -U "huggingface_hub"
hf download Wan-AI/Wan2.2-T2V-A14B-Diffusers --local-dir Wan2.2-T2V-A14B-Diffusers
hf download ByteDance/Bernini --local-dir Bernini

🚀 Usage

A run is described by a case file — a small JSON under assets/testcases/ that bundles one task's routing and inputs (task_type, guidance_mode, prompt, source media, output). This keeps long prompts out of the command line. Each task has a directory under assets/testcases/ holding one or more case files; see assets/testcases/ for the format and the bundled t2i / i2i / t2v / v2v / rv2v /r2v examples.

Prompt enhancer (recommended)

--use_pe enhances the prompt through an OpenAI-compatible endpoint and is recommended for best generation quality. The openai SDK is installed by requirements.txt; configure the endpoint with environment variables:

export BERNINI_PE_API_KEY=...      # or OPENAI_API_KEY
export BERNINI_PE_BASE_URL=...     # or OPENAI_BASE_URL
export BERNINI_PE_MODEL=...        # vision-capable chat model

Examples by task type

Unless an example specifies otherwise, inference outputs 480p / 16fps (the defaults — --max_image_size 848, --fps 16).

Each example runs a bundled case in assets/testcases/ — replace <hi> / <lo> with your high-/low-noise checkpoint paths. The image tasks (t2i, i2i) are shown on a single GPU; the video tasks on 8 GPUs via torchrun, where --ulysses N gives N-way Ulysses sequence parallel per sample and the remaining world_size / N ranks run data parallel over the task list. The two scripts take the same inputs, so any example can be run either way.

Inputs can also be passed directly as flags instead of --case (--prompt, --task_type, --guidance_mode, --video, --image, --images, --output); generation parameters (--seed, --num_frames, ...) are always command-line flags.

Text-to-image (t2i) — single GPU; generates one frame, so pass --num_frames 1

python infer_single_gpu.py --high_noise_ckpt <hi> --low_noise_ckpt <lo> \
    --case assets/testcases/t2i/t2i.json --num_frames 1

Image editing (i2i) — single GPU; generates one frame, so pass --num_frames 1

python infer_single_gpu.py --high_noise_ckpt <hi> --low_noise_ckpt <lo> \
    --case assets/testcases/i2i/i2i.json --num_frames 1

Text-to-video (t2v)

torchrun --nproc-per-node 8 infer_multi_gpu.py \
    --high_noise_ckpt <hi> --low_noise_ckpt <lo> --ulysses 8 \
    --case assets/testcases/t2v/t2v.json

Video editing (v2v / mv2v) — two cases are provided.

For edits where the main subject keeps its ordinary motion (case 1 adds a snowman to the scene), the v2v task type is enough:

torchrun --nproc-per-node 8 infer_multi_gpu.py \
    --high_noise_ckpt <hi> --low_noise_ckpt <lo> --ulysses 8 \
    --case assets/testcases/v2v/v2v_case1.json

For edits that need to change the subject's motion (case 2 makes the person crouch down), the mv2v task type gives better results:

torchrun --nproc-per-node 8 infer_multi_gpu.py \
    --high_noise_ckpt <hi> --low_noise_ckpt <lo> --ulysses 8 \
    --case assets/testcases/v2v/v2v_case2.json

Reference + video editing (rv2v) — two cases are provided.

Case 1 is reference-image-guided video editing — replacing a garment in the source video with one from a reference image:

torchrun --nproc-per-node 8 infer_multi_gpu.py \
    --high_noise_ckpt <hi> --low_noise_ckpt <lo> --ulysses 8 \
    --case assets/testcases/rv2v/rv2v_case1.json

Case 2 is a video-insertion example — inserting content into the source video. It is run at 720p / 24fps to show the insertion result more clearly:

torchrun --nproc-per-node 8 infer_multi_gpu.py \
    --high_noise_ckpt <hi> --low_noise_ckpt <lo> --ulysses 8 \
    --case assets/testcases/rv2v/rv2v_case2.json \
    --num_frames 121 --fps 24 --max_image_size 1280

Reference-to-video (r2v) — drives a video from one or more reference images

torchrun --nproc-per-node 8 infer_multi_gpu.py \
    --high_noise_ckpt <hi> --low_noise_ckpt <lo> --ulysses 8 \
    --case assets/testcases/r2v/r2v.json

See python infer_single_gpu.py --help for the full argument list.

Gradio demo

gradio_demo.py exposes the same pipeline through a Gradio UI: the task-type dropdown auto-fills guidance_mode (still user-editable), uploaded media is routed to the matching slot, and the result is rendered inline.

# Single GPU
python gradio_demo.py --high_noise_ckpt <hi> --low_noise_ckpt <lo> --port 7860

# 8 GPUs, 8-way Ulysses sequence parallel
torchrun --nproc-per-node 8 gradio_demo.py --ulysses 8 \
    --high_noise_ckpt <hi> --low_noise_ckpt <lo> --port 7860 --share

Add --use_pe (and export OPENAI_API_KEY=... / BERNINI_PE_API_KEY=...) to enable GPT prompt enhancement; the in-UI checkbox is a per-request switch on top of this flag.

📑 Citation

If you use Bernini in your research, please cite:

@article{bernini,
  title   = {Bernini: Latent Semantic Planning for Video Diffusion},
  author  = {Chenchen Liu and Junyi Chen and Lei Li and Lu Chi and Mingzhen Sun and Zhuoying Li and Yi Fu and Ruoyu Guo and Yiheng Wu and Ge Bai and Zehuan Yuan},
  journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2605.22344},
  year    = {2026}
}

🙏 Acknowledgements

Bernini builds on several outstanding open-source projects:

We thank the authors and communities of these projects for their contributions.

📄 License

Apache License 2.0. See LICENSE.

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Paper for ByteDance/Bernini

Bernini: Latent Semantic Planning for Video Diffusion

Paper • 2605.22344 • Published 12 days ago • 14